1. Which combination of properties makes water and steam particularly well-suited as an industrial heat transfer fluid?
- A. High density as a gas, low boiling point at atmospheric pressure, and ease of combustion
- B. High toxicity, low cost, and availability in large quantities
- C. High energy content per unit mass, non-toxic nature, and massive volume expansion when vaporized
- D. Low specific heat, high viscosity, and chemical inertness
Show the answer and explanation
Answer: C. Steam is valued as a heat transfer fluid because it carries a large amount of energy per unit mass, is non-toxic, and expands to roughly 1600 times the volume of liquid water when vaporized at 100°C, enabling it to perform significant mechanical work. High toxicity and ease of combustion are not desirable properties for a heat transfer fluid.